Hemorrhoids: Understanding Internal vs. External and Effective Treatment Options

Most people think hemorrhoids are just a minor annoyance-something you get from sitting too long or eating too little fiber. But if you’ve had one, you know it’s more than that. It’s the burning after a bowel movement. The lump you can’t ignore. The fear that every streak of blood means something worse. And here’s the truth: hemorrhoids are far more common than you think. About 75% of people will deal with them at some point in their lives. The good news? Most don’t need surgery. The better news? You can tell the difference between internal and external hemorrhoids-and treat them properly-if you know what to look for.

What Exactly Are Hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids aren’t a disease. They’re normal blood vessels-like cushions-that help you control bowel movements. Think of them like shock absorbers inside your anus. But when pressure builds up-because of constipation, pregnancy, heavy lifting, or sitting too long-they swell. That’s when they become a problem.

There are two main types: internal and external. They’re not just different in location-they’re different in how they feel, what they do, and how you treat them. And yes, you can have both at the same time. That’s why so many people get confused.

Internal Hemorrhoids: Silent but Not Harmless

Internal hemorrhoids form inside the rectum, above a line called the dentate line. This area has no pain nerves, so even when they’re swollen, you often won’t feel pain. That’s why they’re sneaky.

The main sign? Bright red blood. You might see it on the toilet paper, in the bowl, or on your stool. It’s usually painless. Sometimes, you’ll feel like you haven’t fully emptied your bowels, or you’ll feel pressure deep inside. That’s the internal hemorrhoid pushing down.

Doctors grade them from I to IV:

  • Grade I: Bleeds, but doesn’t bulge out.
  • Grade II: Pops out when you strain, but goes back in on its own.
  • Grade III: Comes out and you have to push it back in.
  • Grade IV: Stays out all the time. Can’t be pushed back. This one often needs treatment.
The bigger the grade, the more likely you’ll need more than just cream. But even Grade IV can be treated without major surgery-more on that later.

External Hemorrhoids: Pain You Can’t Ignore

External hemorrhoids form under the skin around your anus. This area is packed with nerves. So when they swell? You feel it.

Symptoms are harder to miss:

  • A tender lump you can see or feel
  • Itching or irritation around the anus
  • Pain that gets worse when you sit
  • Swelling that feels like a balloon
Then there’s the worst-case scenario: a thrombosed external hemorrhoid. This happens when a blood clot forms inside the swollen vein. It turns purple or blue, feels hard, and hurts like hell. Sitting is torture. Walking is a chore. You might even wake up at 3 a.m. from the pain.

If you have one of these, you need to act fast. The best time to drain the clot is within 72 hours. After that, the pain fades on its own-but it takes weeks. Don’t wait.

Why You Might Be Mistaking It for Something Else

A lot of people think every itch, bleed, or lump is a hemorrhoid. But that’s dangerous.

An anal fissure-a small tear in the lining of the anus-also causes bleeding and pain. But here’s the difference: fissures cause a sharp, tearing pain during bowel movements. Hemorrhoids cause more of a dull ache, pressure, or burning after. Fissures rarely cause lumps. Hemorrhoids do.

And here’s the big one: rectal bleeding isn’t always hemorrhoids. Colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or infections can look the same. If you’re over 50, have a family history of colon cancer, or notice changes in your bowel habits (like new constipation or diarrhea), don’t assume it’s just hemorrhoids. Get checked.

Painful thrombosed external hemorrhoid with purple swelling and signs of nighttime discomfort.

What You Can Do at Home

For mild cases, you don’t need a doctor right away. Start here:

  • Eat more fiber. Aim for 25-30 grams a day. That’s 2 cups of beans, 1 cup of oats, 2 apples, and a handful of almonds. Fiber softens stool so you don’t have to strain.
  • Drink water. At least 8 glasses a day. Fiber without water makes constipation worse.
  • Use a footstool. Put your feet up while you sit on the toilet. This positions your body to push naturally, reducing pressure on your rectal veins by about 30%.
  • Take sitz baths. Sit in warm water for 15 minutes, 2-3 times a day. It reduces swelling and soothes irritation.
  • Avoid sitting too long. Don’t read or scroll on your phone on the toilet. Five minutes max.
  • Use over-the-counter creams. Hydrocortisone helps with itching. Witch hazel pads reduce swelling. Don’t use them for more than a week without checking with a doctor.
These steps work. Studies show that people who stick to them see 80% symptom improvement within a few weeks.

When Home Care Isn’t Enough

If your hemorrhoids keep coming back or won’t go away after a few weeks, it’s time for medical help.

For internal hemorrhoids, doctors have three common office procedures:

  • Rubber band ligation: A tiny band is placed around the base of the hemorrhoid. It cuts off blood flow. The hemorrhoid shrivels and falls off in a few days. It’s 90% effective for Grades I-III. You might feel pressure or mild cramping for a day or two.
  • Sclerotherapy: A chemical is injected into the hemorrhoid. It causes scarring and shrinkage. Less effective than banding, but good for people who can’t tolerate banding.
  • Infrared coagulation: A brief burst of heat seals the blood vessels. You feel a quick zap. No anesthesia needed. Good for smaller hemorrhoids.
For thrombosed external hemorrhoids, the best fix is a simple in-office procedure: the doctor makes a tiny cut, removes the clot, and the pain vanishes almost immediately. Do this within 72 hours, and you’ll avoid weeks of discomfort.

Surgery: The Last Resort

If you have Grade IV hemorrhoids, recurrent problems, or failed other treatments, surgery might be needed.

  • Hemorrhoidectomy: The hemorrhoid is completely cut out. It’s the most effective-95% success rate. But recovery takes 2-4 weeks. Pain is real. You’ll need painkillers. It’s not fun, but it’s permanent.
  • Stapled hemorrhoidopexy: Instead of removing the hemorrhoid, the doctor staples it back up inside. Less pain than a traditional cut-out, but higher chance of recurrence. Often used for prolapsed hemorrhoids.
Most people avoid surgery because they’re scared of the pain. But the pain of living with untreated hemorrhoids is worse.

Side-by-side: healthy habits like fiber diet and sitz bath versus medical treatment for hemorrhoids.

Prevention Is the Real Treatment

Hemorrhoids come back if you don’t change your habits. Studies show that people who stick to high-fiber diets, drink enough water, and avoid straining have only a 5-10% chance of recurrence. Those who don’t? Up to 50%.

For pregnant women-who are 25-35% more likely to get hemorrhoids-sleeping on your left side and doing pelvic floor exercises can help reduce pressure.

And skip the miracle cures online. No oil, no herb, no cream sold as a “cure-all” has proven results. Stick to what science backs: fiber, water, movement, and proper toilet habits.

When to See a Doctor

You don’t need to suffer in silence. Call a doctor if:

  • Bleeding lasts more than a week
  • Pain is severe or getting worse
  • You feel dizzy or weak (signs of blood loss)
  • You notice changes in bowel habits
  • Home treatments haven’t helped after two weeks
It’s not embarrassing. It’s medical. Doctors see this every day. The longer you wait, the harder it gets to treat.

Can internal hemorrhoids turn into external ones?

No, they don’t transform. But internal hemorrhoids can prolapse-meaning they push out through the anus-and then become covered by skin, which makes them feel like external ones. This is called a prolapsed hemorrhoid. It’s still an internal hemorrhoid that’s moved, not a new type.

Do hemorrhoids go away on their own?

Small, mild hemorrhoids often shrink with home care in a few days. Thrombosed external hemorrhoids usually improve in 7-10 days, but the lump may linger. Internal hemorrhoids rarely disappear completely without treatment if they’re Grade II or higher. The key is managing symptoms and preventing them from coming back.

Is it safe to pop a hemorrhoid?

Never try to pop or squeeze a hemorrhoid. This can cause infection, severe bleeding, or damage to surrounding tissue. If you have a thrombosed hemorrhoid, see a doctor for a safe, quick procedure to remove the clot.

Can hemorrhoids cause cancer?

No, hemorrhoids themselves do not turn into cancer. But rectal bleeding-common with hemorrhoids-is also a symptom of colorectal cancer. That’s why any persistent bleeding, especially in people over 50 or with a family history, must be evaluated by a doctor.

How long does recovery take after hemorrhoid surgery?

After a traditional hemorrhoidectomy, most people need 2-4 weeks to fully heal. Pain peaks in the first week and improves with sitz baths, stool softeners, and prescribed pain meds. Stapled hemorrhoidopexy has a shorter recovery-about 1-2 weeks-but carries a higher chance of recurrence.

Final Thought

Hemorrhoids aren’t a life sentence. They’re a signal-your body telling you to change how you sit, eat, or strain. The right treatment isn’t always the most expensive or flashy. It’s often the simplest: fiber, water, and time. But if you’re in pain or bleeding, don’t wait. See someone who knows the difference between a hemorrhoid and something more serious. Your body is trying to tell you something. Listen.

(15) Comments

  1. Samuel Mendoza
    Samuel Mendoza

    Stop saying hemorrhoids are normal. They’re a sign you’re a lazy slob who sits on the couch eating chips instead of walking. Fix your life, not your butt.

  2. Glenda Marínez Granados
    Glenda Marínez Granados

    So… hemorrhoids are just your colon’s way of yelling ‘I need a vacation’? 😅
    Also, why do we treat this like it’s a secret? It’s just… biology. We all have butts. We all poop. We all occasionally scream into a pillow while sitting on a warm towel. It’s fine.

  3. Malvina Tomja
    Malvina Tomja

    Let me guess-you think fiber is the answer? Oh sweet summer child. Fiber doesn’t fix poor lifestyle choices. You’re still sitting 10 hours a day. You’re still drinking soda. You’re still ignoring your pelvic floor. No amount of prunes will fix that. This isn’t a medical issue-it’s a character flaw.

  4. Yuri Hyuga
    Yuri Hyuga

    YOU GOT THIS 💪
    Yes, hemorrhoids suck-but you’re not alone. Millions have walked this path, survived the sitz baths, crushed the fiber goals, and come out stronger. Every small step counts: one extra glass of water, one less hour on the toilet scrolling, one gentle stretch. You’re not broken. You’re becoming. Keep going. I believe in you. 🌱❤️

  5. MARILYN ONEILL
    MARILYN ONEILL

    I had one once. I cried. I screamed. I Googled ‘is this cancer’ 47 times. Then I found a cream on Amazon that said ‘miracle cure’ and it worked. I’m not saying it was science. I’m saying it worked. So stop overcomplicating it. Just buy the cream.

  6. Steve Hesketh
    Steve Hesketh

    I know someone who had a thrombosed hemorrhoid and waited two weeks because he was embarrassed. Two weeks. He said it felt like a walnut was lodged in his soul. Then he went to the clinic, got it drained in 10 minutes, and cried from relief. Don’t wait. You’re not weak for needing help. You’re brave for showing up.

    And hey-if you’re reading this, you’re already doing better than most. Keep going. We’re rooting for you.

  7. shubham rathee
    shubham rathee

    they say fiber but did you know the government is secretly replacing fiber with aspartame to make us poop more so they can track us through our bowel movements? also i think the doctor in the article is paid by the banding machine company
    and why do they say 'sitz bath' like its magic water? water is water
    and why no one talks about how the toilet paper brand matters? i used brawny and it got worse
    just saying

  8. MAHENDRA MEGHWAL
    MAHENDRA MEGHWAL

    Thank you for the comprehensive and clinically accurate overview. The distinction between internal and external hemorrhoids, particularly regarding innervation and grading, is often misunderstood in public discourse. I appreciate the emphasis on evidence-based interventions over commercialized remedies. The data on recurrence rates with lifestyle modification is particularly compelling. This is precisely the kind of information that should be disseminated with greater urgency in primary care settings.

  9. Kevin Narvaes
    Kevin Narvaes

    so like… are hemorrhoids just your soul’s way of saying you’ve been too hard on yourself? i mean, i think everything is a metaphor for trauma
    and also i think the blood is your body crying out for love
    also i used to get them after my ex left me
    and i cried in the bathroom for 3 hours
    so maybe it’s not about fiber
    maybe it’s about healing
    and also i think the doctor is scared of the truth
    the truth is… we’re all just trying to poop in peace
    and no one gets it

  10. Kelly McRainey Moore
    Kelly McRainey Moore

    Just wanted to say I’ve had Grade III for years and the rubber band thing was weird but not bad. Felt like a weird tug and then… poof. Gone. Took a few days to feel normal again. Worth it. Also, footstool changed my life. I didn’t know my hips were that crooked.

  11. Amber Lane
    Amber Lane

    My grandma in Mexico used to say: ‘Sit on a stone, not on your ass.’ She meant don’t stay seated too long. Simple. Wise. No creams needed.

  12. Ashok Sakra
    Ashok Sakra

    you think this is bad wait till you get hemorrhoids while on a 12 hour flight with no bathroom access and your seatbelt is too tight and the person next to you is eating durian and the air is dry and you have to sit there for 12 hours and you can’t move and you’re crying and the flight attendant says ‘would you like a soda’ and you just want to die
    and then you get home and your cat steps on it
    and you scream so loud your neighbors call the police
    and now you have a police report for ‘excessive screaming due to butt trauma’
    and your ex sees the news and sends you a meme
    and you just want to die again

  13. michelle Brownsea
    michelle Brownsea

    Let’s be clear: if you’re not drinking 10 glasses of water daily, eating 30 grams of fiber, and avoiding the toilet like it’s a cult, you’re not just ‘having hemorrhoids’-you’re actively choosing suffering. And yet, people still blame ‘stress’ or ‘genetics.’ No. It’s laziness. It’s poor discipline. It’s a failure of personal responsibility. And if you don’t fix it, you deserve every second of it.

  14. lokesh prasanth
    lokesh prasanth

    the article says fiber but what if your body just hates fiber? like what if you eat it and you get bloated and then you cry? then what? then you just suffer? and what if your job is sitting? you cant just stand all day
    also i think the clot thing is fake
    its just a bruise
    and why do they charge so much to pop it? its just a needle
    and why is no one talking about the fact that the word hemorrhoid sounds like a spell from harry potter?

  15. Coral Bosley
    Coral Bosley

    I used to think hemorrhoids were a joke until I had one that felt like a live wire was wrapped around my soul and someone kept plugging it in. I didn’t cry. I screamed. I broke a toilet seat. I started journaling. I stopped eating cheese. I started walking. I didn’t get better overnight. But I got better. And now? I’m not just surviving-I’m thriving. And if you’re reading this? You can too. You’re stronger than your pain.

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